Laguna Copperplate Inscription

The official end of Philippine prehistory was in 900 AD, with the discovery of the Laguna Copperplate Inscription being the oldest known proof of literacy in the country, and the first marker for official written history. The document describes a pardon of a debt of a man named Namwaran (along with his descendants), from the Commander in Chief of Tundun, represented by the Lord Minister of Pailah (now Pila), Jayadewa. Various place names are mentioned in the document, as well as proof of a complex social stratum, highly influenced by Hindu systems and beliefs (the calendar system used on the Laguna Copperplate Inscription was that of Jyotisha, the Hindu lunar calendar). Scattered documents from neighbouring states and kingdoms, such as China, Java, Ryukyu and Japan describe various aspects of early Philippine society.

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